The church with a dominant central dome 30 m high was built in 1718-1744 on the site of two older Gothic churches (called "Czech and German") according to the project of the famous Baroque architect J. B. Santini. It is his largest building on the plan of a Greek cross. The church is described by many experts as the most beautiful Baroque building in the Czech Republic.

The first preserved references to Křtiny date back to 1237, but the history dates back to the arrival of the Moravian saints Cyril and Methodius in the 9th century, which is proved by the name of the town. The building of the Chateau in Křtiny, the former residence of the Premonstratensians from Zábrdovice in Brno, is a monument listed in the State List of Cultural Monuments of the Czech Republic, together with the local Church of the Name of the Virgin Mary.

The discovery of a layer of human bones up to 2 metres high was made in 1991. The most valuable was the discovery of twelve human skulls with a black design in the shape of a laurel wreath and a symbol in the form of the letter T on the forehead. The bones are dated by historians to the period from approximately the 13th century to the first quarter of the 18th century and come from a disused cemetery on the site of the present church.
The ossuary is open to the public on major pilgrimages and by appointment.

The 2.7 ha natural landscape park was created in connection with the reconstruction of the chateau in the second half of the 19th century. Its current appearance is the result of extensive revitalisation, during which new walkways were built, new trees, shrubs and roses were planted. The park is only open to the public during the day.